Centrifugal mechanism for



Dec. 27, 1927. 1,654,5184

A L. S.'WALLE CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC SWITCHES AND OTHR APPARATUS Invenor: l Zudvig swue,

EST AVALABLE COF L. S. WALLE CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM' FOR ELECTRIC SWITCHES AND OTHR AFLAR'IUS Dec. 27, 1927, 11,654,518

Filed June e, 1922 5 sheets-sheet 2 Milli Inventor:

LudvigSX/Jaue, b' QM;

Hisjorney.

Dec. 27, 1927.

EST VMLABLE CG? L. s. WALLE CENTRIFUGAL NIIECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC SWITCHES AND OTHER APPARATUS Filed June 8, 1922 5 sheets-sheet 3 Inventor:

E AVALABLE CQ? Dec. 27, 192.7. 1,654,518

L. S. WALLE CENTRI-FUGAL MECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC' SWITCHES AND OTHER APPARATUS Filed Jme s, 1922 5 sheets-sheet 4 Inve ntor:

L udvid STV/alle.

BHiSffnlomeg.

EST AVMLABLE @mi Dwz?, 1927. 1,654,518 L. s. WALL;

CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM Fon ELECTRIC SWITCHES AND pTHER APPARATUS Filed June 1922 5 sheetsheet 5 'InveTwOT Ludvigwue www Patented Dec. Z7, 115.227.

e Unirse sri-iras @ii-isi amiante cov litiasis enr @ieg-C rar Ltmvrs s. Wanna, oisco'riii, NEW Yorin, Assioivos tro enr-maar. nnncrnro coivi- PANY, A. CORPORATION OF..'l\`I'E"\V YQRK.

CENTRIFUGAL MECHANISM FOR ELECTRIC SWITCHES A-ND OTHER APPARATUS.

Application led June 8,

My inventionrelatcs to new and useful centrifugal mechanisms and more particullarly to improvements in -operating devices adapted for use -ivith elect-ric switches-and other apparatus, 'and has for an object to provide'a simple, eilicient and durable operating device operable-b3-r either alternating 0r continuous current or other power arranged toprovide rotary motion, to produce maximum etl'ort and speed in operation wit-hout mechanical shoclisv and ivithmiiiimum power consumption. Vinotlier object of my invention. is to' provide an opera-ting device in which the 'force developed increases as" tlie operation pro-` gresses and is'aritornaticallyY at justed by the mechanical load 'or the resistance offered b vvide an operating device which has a delinite and accurate range of operation or travel, and in which the action -is automatically stopped'at the end ofthe .operating rangeto prevent over-travel.

A still further object of my invention is to providelan operating device'iwhich. may

be operated by an ordinary'electric motor of "relatively small size and which may be applied with ver)T 4slight changes to replace existing types of operating devices to obtain better operation Without necessitating -con'i- 'plete' and 'costly 'reinstallation My' invention will be better understood from the following description taken in conncetion withy the accompanying drawings, anditsscope. will be pointed-out in the appended claims.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of' an embodiment of niv invention associated nitlil an oil circuit breaker' shown in circuit closed position; Fig. 2 is a .detail of a hand operating lever; Figs. 3, 4 and are 'sectional elevations illustrating 'thrusthearing and `connection details ol theembodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 being a scction perpendicular to'thesecti'on shown in Fig. l1- Fig. (S is a view in perspective illustrating parts of the device shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is aside elevationsiinilar to Fig. l with tl'itl parte of lthe operating device shown in. 'thi-f' circuit operi position ci? the. circuit 'and 16 are side elevations taken 1922. Serial No. 566,915.

breaker, not shown, and 'ready to' be operated to close thecircuit breaker; F ig. S is an elevation taken perpendicular to the elevation shown .in Fie'. 7; F i119 is a. fragmentary rear side elevation of t ie mechanism-i when in the position shown in Fig. 7;Fig. 10 is a top plan View of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 illustrates diagrammatically a system of control for the embodiment o my invention shown in Fig. l; Fig. 12 is a detail illustrating a control switch; F ig. 13 is aside elevation of a modiication of my invention associated with a carbon break circuit breaker shown in circuit open position; Fig. 111 is a View similar to Fig. 18, except that theparts are shown in the circuit breaker 'closed position; Figs. 15

)ei-pendienlar to each. other of another modification of my invention; Fig. 17 illustrates diagrammatic'ally a' system of control embodying the form'oit my invention shown in Figs. 15 and 1G 3ft-uid Fig. 1S is a modification ot the form of 'my inventionshown in Figs. 1, 7 and 8.

In Fig. 1; I have illustrated an embodiincnt of my invention applied to an electric switch, such as a circuit breaker 1, which may be of a, type having relativeljyT movable cooperating contacts biased to circuit opening position and. separable in an insulating tluid, and which is shown in this iifrure in circuit closing position. The circuit breaker 1 is mounted onal suitable supporting structure '2, and is arranged to have its contacts controlled by any suitable operatingI mechanism; such as that illustrated, which coinprises a'mova-ble crosshead 3' carrying the movable contacts, a lever 4, a toggle comprising links 5 and arranged to be underset with the circuit breaker .1 in ,circuit closing position, and a. connectinglink 'G which is pre-- erabl)r adjustableio render the (nera-ting mechanism adaptable to circuit breakers dilering in capacity` size or throw. aud which ma.)T embody a trip-'tree or collapsible mechanism.' The type of' trip-'Free mechanism which ma;T be used is immaterial so -far as my invention is concerned, the trip-free mechanism shown for purposes of illustration being` of the type disclosed in Patent No. 1,421.7110 to yHarmy NI. Stevens, switch mechanism, July ft, 1922, and assigned to the same assignee astliis invention. .This collapsible or trip-.tree mechanism comprises a liiiiz 7 which has' one end slidablv mounted bi the' Qca-.c-eeiingiiik 6 and atrial-i is pivot- 'lSU ing' bearing 'plete 21, balls 22,- thruslrplate inserm-mensili @or ally assciate'd'ni'th a linki whi'ohfis pvoted to the link 6. toggle arranged to be held in rigid or thrustand the connecting link 6.

transmitting 'posit-ion, underset in" the e'- or rotar-inv the rotating head' lil, -l may v i, ample shown, by a lniteh'ing lnember 9- which- Anso any suitalile means adapted to 'produce engageslinli 7. and it. lateliing..1'ne1nber 10. rotary motion, 'such as on .electric motor 2S Whic 1 engages'linli 8 and is `pivoted to latohwhich muy beeither an alterna-tingV current ing member 9:4 o, 4stop o n-.the-link abutting or fix-.continuons vcurrent the link (i. A is preferablyof the ty'pelhevin'g .a ,.....series 'lo FOIIIQ' 1911113086 O'f'faCtllLtllg.the-operat-rcharacteristic such asa. seriestypedircot or ff. ing mechanism tofoontrol the circuit 1brealfterrfalternating 'current.motorfor .repulsion -in inourrted on -the 'iinre'11-o-t-iiand pivotnlly4 The linlis 7 ond 8 forni u associated. with the. operating member 15 motor, and which'.

-z-=associoted :with-the operating.;ineehanisnn a-I The motor 28 -is prefeia'ly' secured to the 4x'neol'mnism proportional toffthefspeed of rofthe--n"1otorfshoft 29,is1 coupled-tozthefrotating ltation ofr .the f centrifngldevice.- .f-:T'ne -.ee1'iv trifugelA devcefcompr-ises=a frame 11', Which-etakesrnpfthe thrust-due to; the. .Gel may be; providedfwithlugs ori-bosses 12 orco-exerted by-therev'olvingA 'ghts `17` U .whereby-thedeviee--may be' secured to a-sutf .nd supportsthe-rotor of themotor 28 ver .f able supporting structnie:r

'is farotetable .member or rota-.ting head 14, rotor, :One .ii-'ay' `oprovi'din thesezdesir- .'.z..nd=moru1ted for inox-enient relatively there-g able 'featnresis ilh'lstrztted in to is anioperating*member1-5,wone end of' -4z1,11d.5-,fwhich 'show -n' .universal thrust bearxvliiohis conneeted to a pin or-shz'ift 16101111- ingcoupling which iserrangelto be mount- "ing: a .cross-headslidably inoinlted on the ed 011th@ 'bracket 13. This een )ling com- .rotating head 14'; For moving the operat-yiprises, betvveei'i the bracket 13 andthe rotat- 'ing imernber- 1.5 relatively :"uf head 11,1 provide-means for 'exerting 0n wing' head 1f1- and its associated-parts-beor the operating' member 1:5 efforce proporwhen the parts are atre'stin the; position tional to :tlrespoecl oiti'otation o'f :the rotat-I shown in Fig. 7 -i1ppe1' and loire-r. universel #ing head 11.

axisg the shaft 1G, Which-is not oolinez-irivith- 1Coupling:sleeve 536 --and.. -=rtl\e. oenters of. gravity o1 the Weights' '1 7, relirtiveniovel'nent bystuds SSL y ni .which :are Aalso pivotally associated -w-ith For the operation'o'f 'the'embodilnent of Vlinkslfpivota-lly'connected at 19V to the ro'- my: invention soiar desoribechitwill be as- ''"tilt-i115;4 lle-nfl 14:. .-Tbe Weights 1T 4Aand their sinned that the parts are .in the ercuitzbreak- :111. `associated-tlinlrs- 1.8.:thns constitute a .-togfrle. 'erclosed-position 'shown iniqxlgnnd that f' 1-"mechanismfor'eetunting the operatinginem-.- the. motor-V28 isl noti energizeiif' It? (vill be if her 15.-' The weights 12T lmay be homogeneous 4obvious that thebios of vthe `circuiti breaker butin' order to increasethecentrifugaltorce operatingmechanism to circuit.,opening'pof exerted by the weights l'T'r-'ithoiit Clnn'igin sitionlends to turnA the orank 26' counter- A`ltheir'size or shape, Inlay-inaliethe free en( 1.elockn-'ise 'onfits pivot. 2R-thus .tending .to or' the weights '17" hollow and lill :thenrwilih 1i-use the operating@member 15 to'tmore up.

Va: material of -higher specili'd gmifitjwthan. Toovercome-this tendency'or lthe operot the material -froin .ivliichz th'enfeigllts :ironing nieclflanism t'.'o 'r.io\'c.. to 'circuilwopening made-as by so 'doingthe construction'bi' the positioii,-l.heitoggleseoniprising weights' 1T "centrifugaldevice may be-inedeiholfe come. andlink's -l-S are arranged to be 'overset in A-"Jz1.ct. Associiited with the operating niem- 'the circuit Closing posi zion as shown in Fig.

5'5'A er 15 is ai connecting member E30-which may- 41,and to be:restrainedin ,tlie'orerset'posiL f be an e'ye" or clevislnelnbergan'd which may ltion n-g'a1-ist'thobias ofthe openiting meehe- E be coupled to'the operating: member 15 .by -nism by extensionsor shoulders 3!) Whrh' anyisultable means suoli the thrust bear? abut or bear'. against Athe rotating' hea-d 1151-. ing coupling-shown in Fig. 3,- ond compris-4 "With thisarrangement,"the rircuit breaker is .notantonmtie or trip-free, and the trip- ?.fg-coupling sleeve 24:, and couplingstud 25.

'The 'operating member QO'maI-,f bei-connected V"onisn'x preferably.comprisesla collapsible or ,centrifugaldevice,arranged .-nlpon rota-tion ,--f1-ume. 11,. and in Ordglnght. the usua1 jype thereot to exert. af oreeon -'--t ie -..ope1at1ng.-- of.motor maybe vused without xnoditioat1ons,'

'This-means comprSS Weight thrustphites 31, 32,.;respectively, balls, o'

' free'fentureis desirable the operating meohhead; 14l byjo thrnst-gbeoring--eonpling `which trilngzil Supported by a tieally so that there isno "enfdwthrusti on the Y, fbrueketl, Which-1s secured. to the-freine 11,-.; motm- Shaft 29 even- .fromrhe Wightfof the'4 c etail in Figs.

t0 "the" rotating ing head 14,-a'oollz1r 3 0 on which the rotat .ion the ahead 11-,4 .and/a coupling hub 37 4seeured lto @weights 17' are' n'iounted .to turneabout an the motor shaft 293ml interlocking .with the secured thereto .for

Htl

'to-'the circuit'breakeroperating 'mechanism -jtrip-free. ln'eeluinisrn {Whirh maybe of the orimparting'n'i o5 Aablenieans, suoli as a crank 26, ]pivotally the collapsible meolunn'sin,there is provided 'rement theretoby any suite type heretofore described Forl controllingV so y isst fia/aimera cor a tripping member 4.0 arranged to be operated by one or more electroresponsive devices which may be mounted in a housing #11 on the frame 11. The electroresponsii-e dcviees may be operative in response to abnorial conditions on -thecircuit controlled bythe circuit breaker 1, or by independent control circuits, or both. The operation of any one of the electroresliionsive.devices will moveto circuit opening position. lThe 1estraint tending to lioldthe toggles comprising weights 1i' and links 18 overset is thus -`shown in Figs-J remover. and the weights. 17 tlnow'thetoggies over center and turn to the position and 8. The Weights "l'T may beaccelerated in this' movement b v any .suitable means such as a torsion spring' la mounted on tlieshaft 1G 4and torsioned as the Weights 17-a1'e raised. The position ci the weights 17in the circuit open position of the circuit breaker 1 is, otcourse, dc'- pendent. upon the throw of the circuit breaker, that is to say the travel of the operating' member so that a. given centrifugal mecnanism is adapted to operate circuit breakers having different throivs by adjusting the connecting link G. Forresetting the tripfree mechanism during the circuit opening movement, the crank member-2G is pivotall'ir 1, associated with toggle link 8 and is preferably biased or counter-Weighted to turn counterclockivise on its pivot 27 so as to insure that the toggle coinprisinglinks 7 and 8 is reset.

`Where a centrifugal deviceis used as an actuating' means and the weights there-of :Tio

pivotcd to swing outavardl)r to more the switch the. weights approach a posit-ion1 diie to the changing angle, where the. centrifugal. forcethereof becomes less and less effective.'

I Where the Weights more eilectively transmit their :torce to the switch..

switch comprising relatively movable co-V operating contacts iii and l5 arranged to he closed when the. circuit breaker isv open, and

open when the circuit breaker is closed, in response to the movement o'li the operating -ineinber l5 with which the contact is o'ii.

eratively associated by means o t links 11G and L17. In Figs 7 and 8, and as shown' in detail in liig. 12, the contact ineml'icr elf-:t is in circuit closed position, while. in Fg. l itis in circuit open i'iosition. The control 4s steni 'illustrated 'in Fig, '11 comprises a 4control bus Li-S to nliich may 'be coiinectediiy a. switch i9 the motor 2S Vwhen the contact -niembei l5 is in circuit closed position, or

an electro'responsive` device :30 as heretofore pointed ont arranged te actuate the trip"l ping member 4th Assuming non' that the 4parts of the centrifugal device and operating mechanism are'in the position shown 1n Figs. 7 and 8, that is tosay the circuit open position o' the circuit breaker, not shown, and it is desired to close the circuit breaker, the operation will be as "follows: Since contacts 4.1i and l5 are in circuit closing position, movement of the sivitch 'l-Sl, see Fig7 11, to the lower contact controlling posit-ion will complete Athe circuit' of the motor'QS. rihe motor being energized will rotate the rotating head '111. thus causing the Weights 1'?" to ily out under the action of the centrifugal :torce generated and causing the members 17 and 18 comprising the links of the toggle mechanism to nieve 'from the collapsed or bucklei'l position shoivn in Fig. 7 to the straightened and slight 'y' overset position shown iii Fig. 1. rlhe operating ineinvber '15 is thus'pulled downward Without shocks .or jars' by a force which varies with the speed ot 'rotation of the rotating' head 1li, and which is inherentlyY adjusted to the load or resistance offered by the' circuit breaker operating Vmechanisn'r or apparatus to he 'operated Consequently, at a predetermined speed olf rotation ot the rotating head 14, thc circuit. breaker will hcclosed andV the' toggle mechanism comprising weights 17 and links 18 set in rigid 4o: thrust'transmitting posit-ion to hold the operating mechanism in circuitclosing position. Just prior to the final' closing movement of the operating mechanism, the contact member g15M-'ill be inovcd ont ot engagenientnitli' contacts All: hy the movement ol the operating ineinliier 1 5, and the circuit of the motor 28 will be interrupted. Obviously, the. Weights 17, due to inertia., will tend to revolve for soine time alterthe motor 2S is dccneigized, land conseqi'iently if the circuit breaker 1 were -closedon au overload or short circuit it' would not open instantly unless the ope ating mechanism were trip-free as illustrated. Also, it the circuit is lclosed on an overload or short circuit and is opened instantly in response to the electroresponsive protective devices, it ivillbe necessary to wait for the weights l? to come to'rest and drop to the position 7 and Sbeoie the centrifshown in: Figs.

close the ciriigal device can be operated to .:ciiit breaker a second time.' In order to overeome this diilieulty, I may provide suitpable-incans for stop )ing therotation of the rotating head let iv ien the motor 281s deenergized, as, illustrated 1n Fig.- 18. This =secn red to -tlie -rain'e 11 and having a brak- 10 in 'surface which -inayv be lined with snit-- ab e material 5 2 and which is arranged to engage the-revolving weights. .17 to retard tlieirmoveinent so as to bring-them qnielily4 to rest,A lVitli this arrangement it 1s un. necessary to provide the links 18 With-Shoahv ders 3Q te hold the toggle niechanismscoinprisiiig linkslS andl weights 17 overset a ainst thebias ot .the oierat-ing .ineclia n -isn'i-,f as thebralging inem er.51 will not 2p only retard 1the revolutionof the Weights,

gles' 17,` 18 in A thrust transmitting position.

real;- loose Wliilebeing revolved, I provide a safety4 band or belt 54: surrounding the space in wliicli the Weights 17 are revolved and secured to the traine 11 independently o the coverl 53 so that the cover 53'can be removed without removing-the safety band 454."For this purpose, the safety band 54 isV preferably external to the eover- 53 andv .spaced apart therefrom. .Tith thisl con- 40 struction, -it will be evident that 1n` the g event of the weights. 17 coming loose the .cover 53 .willlirst act to. stop their movenient and in the event of the cover 53 failingimder the stress oi the slioclrjcaused by the'n-eights 17', the-comparatively heavy safety-'band 51 will act to .stopj further 7 movement of. theweights.-

A For liandoperation, the crank 26 ma.)r be provided with a pocket 55 arranged to be,

engaged by a .band operating lever 5G. see Fig 2, by means of which the opera-ting:r -fii'ieehan'sn'i ofthe circuit .breaker .can be inoved to `circuit.- closing position. To hold ...the-:ope atingineeliaiiisin in circuit closing f; l 5 p0Sition, 'a latch or.hook..men1ber 57 is pro- I vide dwlicli is mount-ed on the traine 11 and. isinovable into a. poclretcr.lioleSiii the brush G8. The cirenitlbreaker may alsoeom- L ranl'r 26 to restrain the saine in the position ;s 'l1owi1 in Fig. 1.

'fiio 'It' will be evident `that after closing;l the motor/control switch 19, see Fig. 11, that anA f "appreciable tiineinay elapse before the inertia 'ofthe n-'eig'hts 17 is, overcome Iand A they have gained suiiieient speed ol" rotation. .Q .M- to elosertlie-:eiraiit b i .ealei..j This time is will operate tipelosea i butwill-.alsorestrain tliein. to liold'tlie tog- -SFor protectivepimposes, 1 -provide a read- 53 -arranged i-,esasis .very-'short andivith the usual circuitclosing micia-tions., a fractional. horse piveiri notor ati-rely. large capaeitv quickly. as desired.

llknvereit. in. certain operations, s nch as. s vnchronizing, it isdesii-able to have the circuit closing operation ander detinite. controlwith respect to the time fac-toire. .Foicmllitions suoli as tliils, i Witlrt-lie ineans'illnstratedby Figs.. .9 and 10 irhcreby the neigl1ts 17 are restrained in the position shown in Fig.. jivh'il'e being acf c elci'atC-Id so=. that when ieleased theywill close tlieicirciiit. breaker siibstantially. instantancoiislfy.

F o r' this purpose, innir provide -ineansv fo- 'ispectivelgg and' nfitli eachothernand ivhieh is arrange-il tube-.heldin rigid or. .t lirast initting' position a gainst the frce' the re ?lving; nights 17 tend to.. exert', tli e link (30 having; a. stop G1 .abnttinithe link- 59 in an overse t position in-.tl'ie arr-aneeinentillustrated.

For tripping the togg e. 59,- 60 to I vhave provided the mechanism restraining the operat'iiig,inein-` .ber' l5. andYthe ieiore` itsnssociated parts' in thecircnit epeniposit-ion, comprising atoggle nfhose links 59. and GQ are -ivotallya`sso`l f-.atedwith the traine 1 1 an the, crank. 26,

rcnitbreaker of relallow the weights 17 toA {'lylout. after they .have been accelerated, Iprovde an electroresponsive -device 62. For. cont-rolling. the '7 device G2, I connectit to theconti'olbns 48 through a switch 65.-'. In the operation of the centiitngal device,theoperatoreloses the,

sii-itch 49 and allowsy the inetor 28 and nights 17 to get np to .the maxiniuinspeed. Then when conditionsare right for synchronizing, as indieatedbvasynehroseope or .other synchronizing device, the Switch 65 isi Closedt-lins energizing the eleetrqresponsive device 62 which trips the toggle- 59, (iOavhereL 4upon the'rapidlyrevolving. weiglfits 17 fly ont .and l.close the ci'reiiit breaker substantiallv iiistaiitaneoiisly. The' :reeeleratin}` r per riod isthi'lsdoneaway with. and theoperateiknows detinitely'when-it is; safetoiallo'w to -close'- the circuiti the. -ceiit-rifugaldevice ii'iodilcation of my centrifugal devioelassocial-.ed with a carbon .break ..cireuit breaker arranged to beofie'rated in. accordance with my invention auf. shown in Fig. 13 in circuit.

- open position and in Figil in circuit closed position. The .cirenitln'eaker is mounted on prise cooperatingsecondary and tertiary contaets 6 9 and 70 for breaking the. are upon the opening-of the circuit breaker.. -The 4brash G8 is secured; to a brush-.lever 71 pivotally. associated with; the circuit I breiiker traine 72 and .generating mechanism .eoinprislinglinks 73 arrangedto be aetiiatedbyjan ian cuit closing posit-ion and to bebiased to circuit opening position. F or liolding the operating iiiechanism 'in circuit" closing position, the operating link is provided' ivith a catch 75 arranged to be engaged by a latching member 76 'which is adapted to be 0pei'ated in a Well known manner byan electroresponsive device 7 7 associated with the 'circuit breaker frame 72 and 'arranged to trip manually tip'ped. A

For actuating the circuit breaker operating mechanism, I provide a centrifugal device 4associated therewith and differing in some respects from the modiiication of my invent-ion illustrated in Fig. 1. This eentrifugal device comprises a rotating head 14; and an operating member 15 having one end thereof pivotally associated with a cross? head or shaft 16 sldably mounted on the rotating head 14'. lVeights 1T are pivota-lly associated with the operating member 15 at the latchinu' inember'TG which may. also be a. point not coincident with their centers of gravity, the Weights being mounted to turn on the shaft 16 and provided with slots 7 8 which, when in'ialinementas illust-rated in Fig. 2, permit the operating member 15 to move relatively to the weights 17. The weights 17 are also pivotally associated with links 18 which are pivotally connected to the rotating head 111 at 19. The weight-s 17 and links 18 thus forni a toggle mechanism operative in response to the rotation of `the rotating head 1st to move the operating member 15 relatively thereto. The links 17 are provided with shoulders or extensions 39 which abut'the rotating headld as shown in Fig. 14 to prevent evertravol ofthe' ltoggle mechanism, .that is to insure the alinel ment of the slots 78 in the circuitclosed p0- sition of the circuit breaker. For collapsing the toggle mechanism comprising' iveights 17 and links 18,' the mechanism may be biased by any suitable means, such-as springs 7 9 secured to the rotatii'ighead 1&1 and ar'- ranged to bear on the links 18', so aste be put un'der liexure when the links 1S are in 'the position shown in Fig. 14. Cou led to the upper end of the operating inem ier 1F by any suitable means such as that shown in Fig. 3,- for example, is a connecting member 20 which maybe connected to the .circuit breaker operating link 74: by any suitable means, suoli as a 'link 26. The rotating head 111- lnay be rotated by any suitable n'ieans suoli as that shown which comprises an electric motor 28 trunnioned on a bracket 13 which may be secured to the supporting structure 66. The shaftf29 of the motor 2,8 may be, in this ease, eonnecteddirectly to the rotating head 14 without the interposi` tion of a thrust bearing coupling as in Fig. l. In this event the motor bearings must be designed to Atakethe end thrust inei dent to the operation of the centrifugal device.

Referring now to the operation of the modification of 'my invention illustrated in Figs, 13 and 14, it ivill be assumed that the 1 parts are lin the circuit openpositioii of the circuit breaker as illustrated in Fig. 13. lfl

noivgthe motor 28 vis energized, `the rotation of the rotating head- 14 will cause the weights 1Tto revolve and exert on the opthe speed of rotation of the rota-ting head '14'. Consequently, the centrifugal foice exerted by the Weights 17 will pull the operating member 15 down thus turning the operating link 7i clockwise to cause the closing of the circuit breaker and the latching of the catch 75 by the latching member 76 and the parts will be iii the position shown in Fig. 14. If now the circuit breaker has been closed on an overload or short circuit, it will at once be free tobe opened by the action of the electroresponsive device 77 on eratuigniember 15 a force proportional to ill) the latching member 76, even though tl1eweights 17, are revolving since the slots 7S thereof are in alinement so that the shaft 16 is free to move upwardly therein. Consequently, the operating -member 15 is also free to Inove upwardly to perniitthe operating mechanism of the circuit breaker to move to circuit opening position.

17, will then be returned tothe 4position shown in F ig. 13 by gravity and the action 0f tliesprin s 79. If the latcliing niembe' 76 is trippec when the Weights 17 are not `revolving, the weights 17' and the operating member `15 move together to the position shown in'Fig. 13.

It' is Well known that the resistance to be .overcome in closing an electric switch undergoes a very materia-l increase as the contacts touch and are moved to the position of tina] engagement. lThis is`,iof course, due to the fact that it is desirable 'to bring the contacts together so as to insure a good loiv resistance electrical Contact. Consequently, 4any device for operating electric switches to be positive in action and to )rovide satisfactory operation must be capa le of exerting a force proportional to the .resistance The Weights l l i) to be overcome Without shocks or jars .and

the centrifugal force exerted by the ii-'eights 1 tation'of therotiingf head 1.4.

/wmmere ee mechanical" advantage: te11`tling".t`0 decllmtowzirtls the motor, due to the inert-ig'i'l" the pulsion rindnet'in "typ`e`. .el ectiti motor 'on n' 220 volt iilteriiating 'e'nxirentfe01'1'troleireilitwith i :i QO-iiinpere starting eurriitto "e-losf?. the eirciiith'reziker in less'tlmn'onelmlf "il secondi frif the 'instant theA motor'is ener! gized. In the Vmodification of. niyl invention shoirzn in Figs' .'13 :111(114., a. one-eiglitl'lioi'sepower or evenSnmller.motorfis Sulliei'entjto operate :i circuit. brei-dier of the' .type illu'.

tinted.' ln 'Fi n. n'n'tlieilliolrof my invention emIZnOdyiiig.

consequent-".89 against. whieh the-face of the sup motor in Figs. l5 and 1G. .The weights trifugal force generated and arel prevented from sliding tothe right on pins Sil as shown' in Fig.V A15 by the pin 89 against which the Supporting arm of one' ofthe Weights S3 b ears. until the weights have moved snflic-iently to clear the pin 89.- The inertia of. the weights S3 and the air'resistance offered them then causes the n-eights S3 to slide on the pius'84 in a direction opposite to their direetionof revolution and the-pin 89 engages the weights 83 as shovvn in the dotted line position in Fig. 16 and prevents the Weights 83 from dropping thus restraining the operating membei` 88 in circuit closing position. As' the weights 83 approacl i tlie position shown in dottedlines, the auxiliary switch 93 opens the circuit of the motor and the ausiliarir sivitcl 94 is closed. To release the centrifugal device, that is to trip the elect-'ric switch controlled thereby, the switch ,92 is thrown'to the right thus causing cnrrent to go through the rotor of the motor in the opposite direction therein causing the motor to rotate countercloekivise looking down'. Due to theinertia of the iveiglitsSS the)r will be caused-to slide on the pins Slt in a direction opposite to their direction of revolution -to discngage pin Si) and the bias to which the oierating member SSHis subject' will pull die weights 83 don-'n before the motor S2 has the Weights suiiicicntly accelerated to overcnie this bias. Consequently, the electricA switch controlled by the centrifugal device will cause the auxiliiii! ar)r switch 94.- to open thereby interrupt-ing the motor'circuit so that the Weights are no longer accelerated and permitting the operating member SSjt-o' return to circuit opening position. l A

`While I-have shown and described in de tail several embodiments of my invention and 'the application thereof partieularhT to electric switches, it is obvious that my invention is not limited -to the 'particular arrangements or applications described and I' therefore aim in the appended claims to cocer all such modifications or applications as fall within the spirit of my invention.

' What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters .Patent of the United- States, is:-` A l. An electric switch having a cijwllaijisible link operating mechanism and a centrifugal actuating means therefor, said mechanism being movable by said. means from a collapsed position through -a straightcnedposition to an overset `position to close the switch and being preventcdfroni returning to the collapsed position by Athe reaction of the switch.

Au electric switch having atoggle operating mcchanisfim 4a centrifugaldevice for moving the toggle nichanisi'n Jfrom a bncl-:lcd position through a straightened' position to an @verset position to close the srvitch, said toggle mechanism being held from returning to the buckled position by .the reaction of the switch.

3. An electric. switch having a rotatable toggle operating mechanisnn centrifugal 'weights rotatable with the toggle operating mechanism for moving the same. from a buckled position to a straightened position in response to a l'n'edctcrniincd speed of rotation.

4. An electric savitch, operating lmeans therefor, a ccntrifugal device for in'iparting movement to said operating means to move said switch in one direction, an electric motor for operating said centrifuga-l device, means for preventing said centrifugal device from imparting .movementto said operating means, and means for controlling said preventing n'icans. l

5. In combination, an electric switch. operating mechanism therefor, a. centrifugal device for actuating said operating mecl1anism. and means for actuating said centrifuga-l device whereby the centrifugal force exerted ther-eb)7 actuates said operating mechanism to close said switch, said centrifugal device comi'irising means for restraining said switch in circuit closed position independently of said actuating means.

G. An electric switch, operating mechanism therefor, 4a centrifugal device for iniparting moi-'ement to said operating mecha.- nisln to move said svvitch in one direction, an

electric motor for. operating said centrifugal device, means for restraining said centrifugal dei-ice from imparting movement to said operating mechanism, and elcctroresponsive means adapted to be operated to control said restraining means.

7., in an operating mechanism of the class described. a vmember biased for movement in one direction. a. centrifugaldevice arranged to move said member in the opposite direction, said centrifugal device compris-V lng toggle mechanism for moving said member arranged upon a predetermined speed of said centrifugal device to take a position to restrain said member from movel'ncnt in .the direction in which the saine is biased after the speed is reduced.

8. In an operating mechanism of the class described, a member biased for movement in one direction. a centrifugal device arranged to move said member in the opposiie direction, said centrifugal device comprising a toggle mechanism whose elements are arranged to niove from a colla psed relation to -a straight line relation in` the operation ol the device.

il.' ln an operating-mechanism of the class described, a member biased for movement' i trifugal device comprising: toggle mech anism:

i tatable weights, a member ope essi" ernannte coi in 'one direction',- a centrifugal-.device arranged u )minet-nation thereof to move said member in the opposite direction, said cenior 'moving said. .member arrai'iged .to be overset upona predetermined speed cit-said centrifugal device to restrain said inenlier fi'om-i'i'iovement in thedirection in which the. sameis biased when.. said. device .con'ies to iest.-

- 10.' A centrifugal device comprising-.ro-

. and said opera-ble' member comprising a toggle meebf` nnisin .having :link nieinbers arranged to be niovedfbvtlieWeights 'trom a: collapsed posi.- tion.:to a straightened-out position.-

imd--1neiins connecting; said Weights .11.;.An electric. switchv -andfa rotatableopf erating device ,therefor comprising a; toggle mechanism havii1g.vveiglits and operative at a predetermined:speed of rolationto move the switch'to elo-sed circuit position', said switch beingrestrained in closed circuit porn. tion by said device independently et 'anyY red uctio'n- A in speed thereof.

12.'Inc onibil'iati'on.A an electric switch, op erating; mechanism therefor, a centrifugal device for actuating said operating` mocha-A nism comprisinga'rotatable member.-an onerating'inen'iber associated with said operatmg mechanism` a. pluralitv7 ol weight-s pivotally'- associate-d with said-operatiinr member at a point :notcoincideiuL With their, een.`

ters of gravityfand revolvable by said rotatable 'ineinb e r links.' connectingrv said Weightsto s aidrot-atable member, and means for rotating said rotatable member, said links' 'and said 'Weigl'itsiorn'iing the elements of a'toggle'mechanism operative in response to the rotation of Saidictatable:member.

to move `from' a collapsed to a straightened positionv for moving aid operz'iliiiiij member to actuate saidoperating 'modernism- 13. Iii a device oit the classdeseribed, an electricl i'uotor, Aai rota-ta ble. -me'mber con pled with 'the'.driving shaft of said motor,4 an operatingv inember'biased tor n'iovenientin one direction, a plurality .of weights 'pivot all)r jassociatef'l with said operatii'igr member at a point notjcoincident 'with their Centers of gravityg and links connecting said weights to said rotatable member, said links. and said weights comprising tongles' adapted upon a. predetermined speedol' said motor to more said operating' nicnilier a predetermined dis'- tance in a direction opposite 4to the direction in u'hichlthe nieinber is biased and to rcstrain said -melnber 4from movement in the direction in' which the member biase/.l when said motor dcenergimd.'

14. In combination. a circuit: breaker comprising relativelyLmovable -contnrts .bi asi-.1l lo circuit opening position,^operating mecha nism tor controlling said contact-st a centi-it.- ugal device for actuating` said operating .mechanism to move saidcontacts to .circuit closing position comprisingarotatable mem. her, au operating membcrimovable relativelythereto associated with sind operating n iecli-Q- .anismj and means comprising a toggle n'i'ech -7"4 anism .operative in response to 'a pirerlete'r num-uil speed ol` vrotation .of said rotatable;v

-Jnember to move said operating member .in

crntri-lmi'al device to rest.

15. In combinatioi'na. circuit 1lnealrer;com @l j. prisingrelatively movable contacts, biasedt circuit opening, position, operatingmeclija nism for-controllingsaid.contacts,v a centri ugal device `for .actuating said operxlting;` mechanism to move said eontactsto circuit closing position comprising-a. rotatableA membei', an :operat ing member 'movable relatively. 4 thereto associated with said operating mech-l-St anism, and means comprising,atoggleinechf anism ope ative in response to .a piedetermined .speed ..ol' rotation o said..rotatablei member to mov-e said operating member in a. direction to actuate saidmechanisnrto move said contacts to circuit closing position,v an electric -motor. ttor rotating said ,rotatable member, means .0perative'-.ii i icsponse --to a 4predetei'mined movement- ,of said .-operatjing member to interrupt.the-circuit;ofsud ,inotor. and rnea ns for quicklyhringing.said c entrifngal device. to rest upon the interruption,

of the motor oircuitarranged to restrainsaid centrifugal :device for closing the switch, 4a

releasable 4commotion between the switch and .tl-f the centrifugal device and-means adapted to' .respond to a predetermined condition o'l.- a circuit controlled b vthe switch torreleasing said connection.

18. An electric switch having u rotatable ,lf-l toggle operating.mechanism -andweinlits io. tatable with the toggle ,mecbanisiin said; ivcirfhts being 'arranged-to move the t'o i f;1'le

'mechanisinto a buckled -positionwhen th'ef speed otrotation is below a. predetermined- 25 value and` to move the togglel mechanism to "a straightened'position `'when thesp'ced is above a predetermined value 19. An electric switch having a rotatable toggle operating 4mechanism and tWeights "l" ser ,traitants cot carried by links comprising said mechanism for moving the mechanism from a buckled osit-ion to a straightened position in re' predetermined speed of rotation ereo. A A 20. An e.le ':t.1ic switch Ahaving a rotatable toggle operating mechanism and weights carried by links comprising said mechanism for moving, the mechanism in response to a redetermmed speed of' rotation 'from a uckled position to 'an crei-set position to close the switch, said weights being arranged to return the toggle mechanism to the buckled osit-ion when in a state of rest and when relieved of the reaction olf the switch.

21. In combination.Y an electric switch, operating means therefor comprising a conhined toggle mechanism and centrifugal device and a motor for rotating the operating means,said toggle mechanism having; certain of its links rovided with centrifugal 'weights adapter in response to a. predeterhaving a laterally extending port-ion forming a centrifugal weight- 23. An electric switch` centrifugal means weights com arising a toggle mechanism moi-'able by tie. centrifugal"means from a buckled position to a straightened position.

2d. In .comliination= an electric switch :for controlling a load circuit, a centrifugal device, a motor for rotatingl said centrifugal device, and a trip free mechanism for transmittingforce from said centrifugal device to said switch to close the same. con'iprisinar means adapted to respond to the electrical condition of the circuit- Cont-rolled by the switch for rendering` said mechanism ineitective to hold the switch closed.

In combination, an electric switch, a centrifugal operatingr device therefor comprisingweights movable in response to rotation from a greater to a less effective position, a motor tor rotating said weights, and mechanism for transmitting force from said weights to said switch to close the sa1ne,'sai.d mechanism comprising a toggle for compensatinflr the loss in efl'ectiveness of said weights.

In witness wher-cot I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of June, 1922.

LUDVIG S. lVALLE 

